The Indonesian Tourism Industry Tourism Essay

The Indonesian Tourism Industry Tourism Essay The capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta with a total populations of 9.6 million (BPS, 2012) with five areas namely West, East, North, South and Central, has positive economic growth since period 2000 to 2011, which mostly was sustained by the three main sectors such as (1) financial, real estate and business services sector, (2) trade hotel and restaurant sector and (3) manufacturing sector. (BPS, 2012) The increasing of economic growth gives impacts to the tourism industry in Indonesia. In January 2011, the Culture and Tourism Minister of Republic Indonesia announced the replacement of Visit Indonesia Year branding with Wonderful Indonesia as part of tourism campaign that expected to attract 7.7 million foreign tourists and generate $8.3 billion of revenue. Whereas 50% of this revenue will be generated from meetings, convention and exhibitions that will take place in various place in Indonesia. (The Jakarta Post, 31st December 2010). Jakarta, where the central government, trade, services and industry are located at, makes Jakarta a destination for business travellers or as a government central meeting. In addition, with the completing facilities at JIExpo Kemayoran in North Jakarta, Jakarta Convention Center in Central Jakarta, Balai Kartini in South Jakarta, Semanggi Expo in South Jakarta, Jakarta will become one of the tourism destination for MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) business. (Sarya, 2011, p.16) Table 1.:The statistic of number of international tourist arrival through gate Airport Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 Soekarno Hatta, 1,464,717 1,390,440 1,823,636 1,933,022 Ngurah Rai, 2,081,786 2,384,819 2,546,023 2,788,706 Polonia, 130,211 148,193 162,410 192,650 Sam Ratulangi 21,795 29,715 20,220 20,074 Batam 1,061,390 951,384 1,007,446 1,161,581 Juanda, Surabaya 156,726 158,076 168,888 185,815 Adi Sumarmo 19,022 16,489 22,350 23,830 Minangkabau, 40,911 51,002 27,482 30,585 Others 1,257,939 1,193,612 1,224,489 1,311,468 Amount 6,234,497 6,323,730 7,002,944 7,647,731 Source: Biro Pusat Statistik, 2012 Table 1.1 shows that the international tourists who arrived through Jakartas International Airport namely Soekarno Hatta, have increased year to year which in 2011, it reached about 1.9 million. The total international tourists who came to Indonesia in 2011 have almost reached the target of the Culture and Tourism Minister to attract 7.7 million foreign tourists. Hotel Industry For some big countries like Jakarta, which has many business activities, hotel becomes one of the most productive income-producing properties (Internal data Colliers International Indonesia, 2012). There are four benefits from hotel industry for a country (Medlik Ingram, 2000, p.4), which are, In some areas, hotel as an attraction of visitor who bring spending power and who tend to spend more money than they do when they are at home. This visitor spending power often gives big contribution to the economy revenue of a country. In Jakarta, hotel, trade and restaurant sector is one of top three sectors which give a biggest contribution in GDP for mostly years. From period 2009-2011, hotel, trade and restaurant sector has contributed 20% for DKI Jakartas GDP (Gross Domestic Product). (BPS, 2009 2011) In areas which receiving foreign visitors, hotels play big roles as foreigner currency earners which can give big contribution to their countrys balance of payments. For countries which have small possibilities of export may take hotels as their foreigner currency earners. Hotels can provide many job opportunities that this role is important for areas which have small number of sources of employment, where they contribute to regional development. Hotel can act as a medium to promo the products of other industries. Mostly hotel are supplied with food, drink and other consumables which purchased from local farmers, fishermen and other suppliers. Using local products in their services makes this hotel not only can contribute directly to their economy revenue to nation as a foreigner currency earners but also indirectly as an outlet to promote other local industries. Hotels may become social activity centres for local people and often their restaurants and other facilities can attract local custom. The positive macroeconomic growth encourages the positive growth of hotel supply in Jakarta, as a respond from hotel groups for the positive growth of room demand. Some hotel groups expand their hotel chain by increasing their number of hotel, such as Tauzia (local chain) which its hotel management will develop 23 hotels until 2012, consist of 15 units Harris Hotel and 8 units of Pop Harris. Next, there is the Accor group (international chain based on France and the largest operator of hotels in Asia Pacific) plan to expand their network across Indonesia from 40 hotels in 2011 to 100 hotels by 2015. PT Surya Semesta Internusa Tbk (SSIA), who own and manages the 5-star Gran Melia Hotel Jakarta and Melia Hotel Bali, plans to expand its revenue in the hospitality market by developing a budget hotel network in 2012. The increasing number of hotel for a budget hotel to a five stars hotel for period 2000 2011 are shown on the Figure 1.2, (from the period 2012 2015 are projection number), Source: Adopted from data internal Colliers International Indonesia, 2012 Figure1.: The hotel supply in Jakarta by number of hotel from period 2000-2015 Source: Adopted from data internal Colliers International Indonesia, 2012 Figure1.: The hotel supply in Jakarta by number of room from period 2000-2015 Based on the Figure 1.2, the supply of hotel since 2000-2011 are dominated by 5-star hotel and 4-star hotel, whereas until 2011 there were already 37 five-star hotel and 35 four-star hotel in Jakarta. These hotel groups which play in Jakarta hotel market consist of international and local brands. Some of international brands in Indonesia which the writer would like to mention are Holiday Inn, Sheraton, Four Seasons, Kempinksi, InterContinental, Hilton International, Ritz-Carlton and Mandarin Oriental. While the local brands also aggressively work to build their own chain, from Santika, Mulia and Sultan to the Sahid Group and many others. The Emerging of Budget Hotel in Jakarta The concept of Budget Hotel in Jakarta began to emerge in 2006, initiated by the Accor Group, France with the Hotel Formule1, which plans to build four other branch of this hotel in Bali, Semarang, Yogyakarta and Jakarta. Then followed by Santika Group with their Amaris Hotel that until 2012 having 22 Amaris hotel and planning to expand the chain by adding another 13 Amaris Hotel. Basically the key players in budget hotel market are hotel groups who already have established their star hotel chains, and because they can see the potential market and demand of budget hotel, they add one line in their chain for budget hotel. Some of the hotel groups are shown in Table 1.: Hotel groups and their brand on star and budget hotel. Table 1.: Hotel groups and their brand on star and budget hotel Hotel Group Star Hotel Brand Budget Hotel Brand Aston International Aston Hotel (3 Star) Fave Hotel Accor Group Grand Mercure (4 star) Novotel (4 star) Pullman Hotel (5 star) Ibis Budget Hotel (previously Formule 1) Grahawita Santika Santika Premiere (4 Star) Santika Hotel (3 Star) Amaris Hotel Tauzia Hotel Management Harris Hotel (4 Star) Pop Hotel PT Intiland Development Grand Whiz (3 Star) Whiz Hotel Source: Adopted from data internal Colliers International, 2012 Budget hotels are known for its low fare hotel (Barrows Powers, 2009, pp.273), where guests can experience staying at good quality hotel, with a low price. The guests pay only for what they use. This will result in not only cost efficiency for the costumer but also for the investor. Based on Colliers International Indonesia data 2012, in year 2011 there are only 6 budget hotels in Jakarta, which are, Formule 1, Menteng by Accor Amaris Hotel, Panglima Polim by Santika Formule 1, Cikini by Accor Amaris Mangga Dua Square by Santika Amaris Soekarno Hatta, Cengkareng by Santika Amaris Senen by Santika In the Figure 1.3 shows the total number of budget hotel in Jakarta since emerged in 2006 to 2012. Source: Adopted from data internal Colliers International Indonesia, 2012 Figure1.: The number of budget hotel in Jakarta from period 2006-2012 The Segment of Budget Hotel The main segment of budget hotel in Jakarta is business traveller. The high demand of business activities in Jakarta, which require low price accommodation with limited service, has encouraged budget hotel as a main preference for company in choosing their business accommodation. In addition, there is a shift work system among corporation when they will do expansion into a new area. In the era of the 1990s, to monitor or ensure the potential for business in area which newly initiated, the company usually sends a direct top management (Hari et al., June 2011, p.44). Since 2000s, with the improving economy and quality of human resources, the corporation began to delegate the task at middle management level (Hari et al., June 2011, p.44). In addition, by delegating tasks to the level of management, the costs will be cheaper than sending the top management. Those changes of pattern, then affect the travel business in Indonesia, from the emergence of low cost carrier (LCC) to the mushrooming budget hotel (limited service hotels) which only provide the basic needs of the guests: the comfortable rooms for rest. Basically the potential of business traveler market in Jakarta is quite large, because of few reasons, which are: The improvement in all sectors and positive economic growth has big impact in the increasing of business activity in Jakarta. In their business activity, the businesses often do business trip to out of town, even overseas. And as a central government, trade, services and industry, Jakarta becomes one of the most destinations for business travellers in Indonesia. Based on data from Asia Pacific Business Traveller Research 2011 by Accor Group, the cost which spent for hotel accommodation for Indonesian business traveller is $92/night (2011, p.11), while the average long stay is 2.08 day. (BPS, 2011) As the total business traveller in Indonesia in 2011 is about 90% of the total domestic tourist in Indonesia (Siahaan, 2012), therefore business travellers will be around 6.84 million in a year. Thus from this total of business travellers, there is about $1.3trillion of the total cost of the trip that flows into the hotel industry in 2011. Global financial crisis in 2008 had also triggered the corporation to cut their business travel budget. There are some strategies that they have done during 3 years after the crisis (2009-2011). Based on Ascend Corporate Travel Survey 2012, from 340 respondent of business travellers who based 43% Europe, 30% North America and 17% Asia pacific, there is an increasing number of company which planning to change their choice of hotels to save money in 2011. Whereas this condition was encouraged budget hotel as a preference accommodation for company for business trip The Industry of Budget Hotel in Jakarta What becomes interesting from budget hotel market in Jakarta is how the supply and demand of budget hotel is significantly increasing in the short period of time. Many hotel groups or airline groups expand their business to invest in budget hotel, by seeing the potential demand of this hotel. For instance, AirAsia Group, an airline company based on Malaysia, who became a pioneer of providing a budget airline (Low Cost Carrier, LLC), has also interested to create budget hotel with brand Tune Hotel. After first established in Malaysia in 2007, Tune Hotel has spread in 6 countries, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, England, Thailand, Filipina and Australia. In 2009, they launched two Tune Hotel in Bali which is in Kuta and Seminyak and in 2013, they are planning to expand 13 Tune Hotels in Indonesia which will be in Jakarta, Bekasi, Surabaya, Pekanbaru, Makassar, Sola, Palembang, Tangerang and Bali (Kompas, 5th September 2012, p.19) In the Figure1.: The growth in terms of number of rooms from period 2000-2012 below shows that budget hotels growth compared with 3, 4 and 5 star hotels in terms of number of rooms is rising significant since emerged in 2006. Source: Adopted from data internal Colliers International Indonesia, 2012 Figure1.: The growth in terms of number of rooms from period 2000-2012 The significant supply of budget hotel is a respond for significant demand from the market. It can be seen from the occupancy rate of budget hotel which is quite good better than 3 5 star hotels. The Figure1.: The occupancy rate from 5-star hotel to budget hotel shows that only two years after budget hotel has emerged to the market, its occupancy rate is highly better than 3 5 star hotels, even 5-star hotel has the lowest occupancy rate from 2000-2011. Source: Adopted from data internal Colliers International Indonesia, 2012 Figure1.: The occupancy rate from 5-star hotel to budget hotel The higher demand of budget hotel than 3, 4, 5 star hotels gives an idea that budget hotel probably has satisfied their customer and could create their loyalty customers who wants to do repeat purchases of their services. However, before reaching high customer satisfaction level and having loyalty customers, there are values that budget hotel should give to their customer. How customer value creation that budget hotel has done to their customer and how this value creation impacts their customer satisfaction and loyalty that ultimately will increase their demand level and how this customer value creation impacts to the hotel profitability that impact the supply level will be a purpose for this research. Problem Identification Due to the demand of budget hotel is higher than 3, 4, 5 star hotels, thus there is a sign that probably budget hotel has satisfied their customer that ultimately could create customer loyalty who wants to do repeat purchases of their services hotel. However, in order to satisfy their customer and create customer loyalty, they should give values to their customer. Therefore, the issue in this thesis is to analyse The Impact of Customer Value Creation on Budget Hotel towards Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty and Hotel Profitability. There are four areas of research problem, What value creation that budget hotel has done towards its customers? What is the customer satisfaction level of budget hotel as an impact of customer value creation? What are the dominating values in influencing customer satisfaction which will lead to create customer loyalty? How is the profitability level of budget hotel compared to 4 and 5 star hotel as an impact from customer satisfaction and customer loyalty? Research Objective The main purposes of this research paper are: To identify and explain the customers value of budget hotel To identify and explain of customer satisfaction of budget hotel as impacts of the customer value creation To identify and explain the dominating value in influencing customer satisfaction level of budget hotel, which will lead to create customer loyalty To identify and explain the correlation between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of budget hotel To analyze the profitability level of budget hotel compared with 4 and 5 star hotel as an impact from customer satisfaction level and customer loyalty Significant Research The study is significant because it provides information which will be helpful for the readers: The study is significant in understanding the customer behavior and needs better. The study will address the issue of customer value creation to improve the customer satisfaction to create customer loyalty. The study may be useful for many interested parties, especially: Budget hotel groups. They may use this research to support enhancement of customer satisfaction and relationship Students and internal parties of Swiss German University. This research can be used as a reference for lecturers and other students to conduct further research. The researcher. The result of this research can be used to enrich my knowledge. Academics. The result of this research can be used to do further research in the same industry. Scope and Limitation of Thesis In order that the study on this subject more focus, and to get the benefit from the study, therefore the study limited to: The value creation by budget hotel in Jakarta towards its customer The impact of customer value creation on customer satisfaction and loyalty The impact of customer satisfaction and loyalty on profitability level of budget hotel compared with hotel industry.

Firework Problems for Math

Fireworks  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ The Problems July 7, 2008 On the 4th of July, Vanessa watched the local fireworks with her family from their front lawn. Once the fireworks began, Vanessa’s mom said, â€Å"Wow we are really lucky that our view isn’t blocked – the bottoms of MOST of the fireworks appear right at the top of that 50 foot oak tree. † If Vanessa was 100 feet from the oak tree and 1500 feet away from the fireworks launch site, how many feet off the ground were the bottoms of MOST of the fireworks? Disregard Vanessa’s height. [pic] James’ family always puts on a big fireworks display every 4th of July. This year James got to pick out a few that were used. He decided on two 6-packs of Roman Candles, one Morton’s Mortar Kit and one Emerald City. If sales tax was 5%, based on the prices below how much change did James get back when he gave the cashier $45. 00? Express your answer in dollars and cents to the nearest cent. Roman Candles – $6. 99/ 6-pack Bottle Rockets – $7. 99/ pack Sparklers – $9. 99/ box Ground Flowers – $9. 99 Morton’s Mortar Kit – $9. 99/ kit EmeraldCity – $14. 99/ each Rain of Fire – $29. 99/ each New Yorker Salute Finale – $79. 99/ each [pic] Magda had a 4th of July party at her house. Her favorite lemonade recipe calls for 1 cup of lemon juice for every 4. 5 cups of water. If Magda followed the recipe and made 33 cups of lemonade, how many cups of lemon juice did she use?

Organizational Behavior Forces Discussion Paper

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR FORCES DISCUSSION PAPER TEAM B MGT307 APRIL 12, 2010 ANDY WAGSTAFF Organizational Behavior Forces Discussion In this paper Learning Team B compares and contrasts the different organizations of each of its team members. The team is made up of six students, each of which is employed by a different organization. It was with a collaborative effort that this group was able to discuss and analyze these organizations. The individual companies and business environments that were addressed in the learning team discussions include; a correctional facility, a variety of organizations that provide some form of health care or medical service, a retail store, an insurance company, and one member of Team B is employed at home as a homemaker/student. Team B participated in discussions and analyzed the organizational behaviors of each organization within their group. The purpose of this paper is to provide that analysis that describes some of the internal and external forces that have an impact on organizational behaviors. Team B intends to present an explanation summarizing the findings of the Learning Team discussions. The paper includes an analysis of the following internal and external forces: Restructuring Organizational Mission Competition Economy Customer Demands The following are personal descriptions of internal and external forces that impact organizational behavior within the organizations of each individual member of Learning Team B. Restructuring Restructuring, or rearranging, of an organization can turn a company upside- down and leave employees in a state of shock. This particular external force can have a huge impact on the organizational behaviors of any organization from a medical clinic to a correctional facility. It is customary for a company under restructure to use layoffs or reduce full-time positions to part-time to decrease the costs of employment. Another possible change made by a company trying to survive after downsizing could be to obtain lower employee wages. This could be done by moving the business to a facility in another state or country. For any number of reasons, a company may choose to move only part of its organization during the restructure. For example, a business’ medical records department holds confidential information regarding its employees. With this in mind, the restructuring team may want to select an outside source to perform medical records services during the restructure. This will ensure the confidentiality of its employees and safeguard their personal information. Understanding organizational behaviors brought on by internal and external forces is important for everyone involved whether it is an insurance company, a retail store, or a home health care agency. There is little known about the safety and health risks to workers who face or survive episodes of downsizing, or the effects of downsizing and outsourcing on the capacity of organizations to provide occupational health services and programs for workers {text:bibliography-mark} . Therefore, it is highly recommended that personnel meetings be scheduled to address the questions and concerns of a company’s remaining employees. Organizational Mission The organizational mission of the medical team at the Pendleton Prison System Department of Corrections provides inmate rehabilitation and medical care. The mission of the medical team at Pendleton is to reduce unnecessary morbidity and mortality and protect public health by providing patient-inmate timely access to safe, efficient medical care, dental, and disability programs. The mission statement of an organization affects the organizational behavior within the company by providing direction to each person’s duties within the company. Although the organizations of the members of Team B are significantly different in size and function, the impact of their organizational mission directly affects their organizational behavior and success. Most organizations define a mission statement and develop practices to control the organizational behavior of the organization to accomplish this mission {text:bibliography-mark} . Competition Competition is an external force that affects organizational behavior in retail as well as many other types of organizations. There are several examples of the different external forces that affect organizational behaviors, some of which include; creditors, customers, suppliers, and the labor market. Competitors Competitors are peers that perform similar functions within their professional discipline. Competitors contribute to the industry with their ability, supply, goods, and services, at competitive prices. Competitors’ contributions are usually of a high caliber and this is what gives consumers their choices. Creditors In contrast, creditors have an impact in retail because most businesses purchase goods and services to a large extent on credit. Generally, these businesses are given discounts or other incentives for buying in bulk. Customers Customers obviously play an essential part in the retail business. In fact, without any customers, there would be no business. In retail, it is important that a business know how to change with itscustomers. This will expand customer confidence and increase buying. Labor Market The labor market affects the number of qualified employees who a business will be allowed to hire. In comparison to expanding customer confidence, the lack of qualified employees at a business can lead any type of organization to customer dissatisfaction. Customer Demands Customer demand is the quantity of a product or service that customers are willing and able to purchase at a given price during a given period {text:bibliography-mark} . Meeting the demands of customers can be difficult at times. The medical field always has tried to satisfy its customers’ needs in the best way possible, but it is becoming more complicated because of the customers’ increased expectations. Here is an example of changes in organizational behaviors of employees at a medical clinic concerning customer demands. A patient is 15 minutes late for his or her appointment so e asked the patient to reschedule the appointment but instead, the patient refuses to leave the clinic until he or she was seen by a doctor. This is when behaviors have to change in order to meet the customer’s demands. There may be times, for instance, when the patient is not able to reschedule the appointment. To meet this customer’s needs, employees have to work even harder. F irst we try to make the customer feel as comfortable as possible until he or she is seen by the provider. We have to gain their satisfaction to go forward to improve our customer services. Second, we focus specifically on this customer. It is important to treat the customer as an individual person just as we want to be treated. One way that a medical clinic can work to improve customer demands is to have questionnaires available for the customers. When the questionnaires are reviewed the company will know what areas that they need to improve in and what areas they are doing well in. These questionnaires may very well lead the medical clinic to implement even more organizational behaviors if needed to increase customer satisfaction. Economy The economy has affected organizational behaviors in many American households. The following is a personal example from an American homemaker and student. My fiance is the bread winner in the household at one point and he was making enough money that I could sit at home and take care of the babies. But now, the economy is so bad that I am now trying to find a job so that we can make ends meet. His job as a correctional officer has stopped giving overtime to the employees. The bills are going up twice as much as they used to be and so now we do not have any extra money to have or to save. Conclusion In conclusion, the internal and external forces that impact the behaviors of an organization can have both a negative and a positive effect on the company itself as well as on the people within the company. These changes in behavior, or reactions from within an organization, are caused by forces such as the restructuring of a business, increased customer demands, technology, competition, or even from a fluctuation in the economy. Although internal forces are considered to be causes that people have either created or could have controlled, external forces are those in which people have no irect control. A business in comparison to people has many forces that can manipulate and form its common behavior and the organizational behaviors of the people within it. Organizations of every kind, from those that provide goods to those that provide services, still have to change continually and positively while searching for new ideas and opportunities to maintain a competitive advantage. This t eam’s belief ist; how a company reacts, how it manages, and how it adapts to changes, will determine its failure or success. References

Fighting Off Essay Writing Stress

It is the middle of the night, far beyond your usual bedtime, but you can’t go to sleep because the deadline for your essay is next morning and you still only managed to squeeze a couple of paragraphs out of your slowly curdling brains. You have no idea what to write next, and what you have already written is so pathetic you want to cry. Familiar? Thought so. Some people are actually only productive when under a lot of stress; they feel more alive than anytime else. Those who are not among them, however, need some methods of managing stress to get the task done. Essay Stress Management Planning. Tutors always repeat how important and helpful it is, and for a good reason. When the deadline is near, however, one may think that there is not enough time to plan and plunge right into writing. They can hardly be more wrong – planning really helps to save time and effort. Ten minutes spent on preparing a clear-cut plan will save you at least an hour of frustration later. Segment your work. Either on time or task basis. That is, either work for some time, then take a break (which is a good piece of advice even without a crisis, actually), or set a task, complete it, then take a short break. Make these tasks as little and definite as possible – for example, â€Å"cover the next point on your plan†. Don’t stare into your monitor. Sitting before your computer and panicking will not do you any good. It doesn’t save time, you won’t magically understand what you are supposed to do, the essay will not write itself. You probably think that doing anything else right now is stupid – it is not so. Take a break. Do something completely unrelated for a bit – do a dozen of push-ups, take a shower, go for a walk, whatever. It won’t be wasted time. Your mind is stuck in one gear, you need to change it, and it is the best way to do it. But Avoiding Stress Is Better It may sound trite, but a far better approach still is to avoid getting into situations like the one described in the beginning. You know that you have an essay to be written by a certain date. Why wait until the very last day? Parkinson’s Law states that work always takes up all the time available for its completion. Try to use it to your advantage and use the following strategy – move the deadline a day closer. Do all this hectic writing the day before you usually do it. Try to complete the task at all costs. This way, the real day before the deadline, you’ll get an opportunity to reread it and make corrections with a clear head.

Marriage An Important Part Of The Indian Culture

Marriage The traditional arranged marriage has long been an important part of the Indian culture. In early days, marrying in the cast was very important. You weren’t allowed to marry anyone from different cast. Marriage in the Indian society is considered so auspicious that not just the day, but also the time of the marriage is fixed as per the ‘Kundalis’ (astrological charts) of both the bride and the groom. Even in twenty-first century people still believes in matching ‘Kundalis’. They believe that, without a match, marriage will not be successful. I have never believed in that, but there are many stories behind it, which make me, think sometimes. Dowry, the amount bride’s family must pay at the time or before wedding. It is worst part of the marriage. I even heard from my grandparents, in old days, when bride’s family no longer meets the demand from groom’s family; brides are punished by burning them alive or torturing them. It is the most heart breaking; when I think about it, brings tears in my eyes. When my grandparents got married, they were clueless about each other; at that time, everything being fixed by family members. Bride and groom saw each other at their wedding. It was very interesting when I heard this story from my grandmother. When I asked her if she was happy, she said ‘I fall in love with your grandfather after marriage; he and his family became my life’. There were so many questions comes to my mind, when I think about arrange marriage. For instant,Show MoreRelatedEmerging Dulthood784 Words   |  4 PagesEmerging adulthood and culture Class: Lifespan Development Name: Grishma Patel Week four assignment Meaning of Emerging Adulthood Emerging adulthood is the period of life from about age 18 through age 25, during which young people are exploring the possibilities of their lives and beginning to define themselves as adults, rather than teenagers. 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Essay about We Must Search for Alternatives to Animal...

Polio was once rampant all over the world and President Roosevelt, among many others , fought the war with this disease. Dr. Jonas Salk was the one who discovered a cure for this disease thanks to animal research but is animal research always beneficial? â€Å"Treat others as you would want to be treated,† is what the Golden Rule has taught us for many years. Should we not treat animals the same way we want to be treated in return? The topic of animals being used in medical research has been controversial for many years. One side of the argument says that using animals is the only way to safely test a product before it reaches the public, but others say alternatives should be pursued. Despite the medical discoveries animal testing†¦show more content†¦Today laws regulating the use of animals in laboratory experiments protect animals. These laws include the Animal Welfare Act of 1966, the Endangered Species Act of 1973 and the FDC Act (Animal Rights: Timeline). Tech nology combined with people’s concern for the welfare of animals has led to changes in how modern laboratories conduct research. Many advocates say animals should be used in medical research since the results from their experiments give scientists an idea of what to expect when the same product is used on humans. Jennifer Hurley agrees when she writes, â€Å"Because of the medical progress made possible by animal research, we live in a world in which disease no longer threatens us at every moment, and most illnesses are completely curable† (Haugen 156). Animal experimentation not only helps further the knowledge with humans but also with other animals. Experiments on animals have helped the development and testing of animal vaccines, the detection and prevention of infectious diseases in other species, and the development of artificial joints and cancer therapies for animals (Haugen 142-143). Additionally research with animals has led to human vaccines that treat and cure many diseases that humans are faced with today. These vaccines include treatments for polio, measles, whooping cough, tetanus, rab ies, and influenza (Lawrence 32). Animal research in the past has led toShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing: A True Ethical Dilemma Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pagesis the life of a laboratory animal. Animal testing is the use of animals for scientific research purposes and experiments. It can be used for the findings of cures and medicines to testing new drugs, to understanding the behavioral psychology of the animals themselves. â€Å"Around fifty to one hundred million vertebrate animals, ranging from fish to primates, are used in experiments each year† (Lloyd). There are many different terms used to describe the research on animals but two main ideas. In vivoRead More Medical Testing On Animals Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesMedical Testing On Animals Medical testing on animals is a very controversial topic that touches almost every individuals life whether they realize it or not. 16 million diabetic people enjoy life they would otherwise not have if it werent for the dogs, rabbits, and, fish that endured tests to help scientists discover treatments and produce insulin. Cardiovascular disease is high on the list of American killers. The procedures used to treat this affliction such as surgical techniquesRead MoreEssay about Animal Experimentation Is Not Ethical!724 Words   |  3 Pages An ongoing conflict among the human species is that of animal cruelty, whether it be by scientific experiments, tests, or research. I frequently wonder, do the individuals performing these atrocious tasks ask themselves if what he/she is doing is ethically correct? 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The one question that almost no one ask when they open the make-up container is â€Å"What harm will this bring me?† Our assumption is that what we buy in a store is safe to use and is normal. But do we wonder how the cosmetic industry came to the conclusion about their product to support our assumption? According to the website, History of Cosmetics, article: â€Å"Cosmetic History and Facts,† the use of cosmeticsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Research Essay1588 Words   |  7 PagesPHILOSOPHY 106 - Is the use of Animals in Biomedical Research Morally Justified? Animals have been treated immorally since the beginning of time, this is shown by hunting, farming, trapping, testing of products and biomedical research etc. As humans, majority of us claim animals as our resources as we use them for eating, making clothing, (leather and fur jackets, shoes) working animals, as a means of transport, animal testing etc. In this essay I will discuss the use of animals in biomedical researchRead MoreAnimal Testing is the Best Way to Test Products Essay examples1116 Words   |  5 Pages 1. Introduction Thesis Statement: If animal testing were prohibited, then in what way would the effectiveness of a product be verified? A quote by Amanullah Ashraf states that, in order to gain something, we have to lose something . According to this, I will be discussing animal testing. Audience: everybody who thinks animal testing should be prohibited. Purpose: convincing people that animal testing is the best way to test products and its not â€Å"cruel† and â€Å"inhuman† as people say. 2. BodyRead MoreShould We Use Animals For Medical Research?1503 Words   |  7 PagesThe use of animals in medical research has been a trend for decades. Animals have been an integral part in scientific experiments. They have also proved to be a trustworthy and effective model in the experimentation process, which is how many medicines and treatments for diseases were developed. Most life threatening diseases are now curable because of successful animal experiments. Moreover, not only human beings, but also animals benefit from these experiments. Although there are several usefulRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesAnimals suffer just as people do. 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Without morals, it would be impossible for society to form let alone function. A current topic in which we are at

Competitive Strategy Management System

Question: Use the Theory relating to Adaptation, Aggregation and Arbitrage to explain how companies from the following industries have used this theory for the pursuit of their businesses. Answer: Introduction Woodbridge Company Limited is a Pvt. Ltd company and is the main shareholder of the company Thomson Reuters. Woodbridge Company Limited is based in Canada. In 2008, Thomson Reuters was formed, when Reuters was acquired by the Thomson Corporation. Woodbridge is situated at Canada in Toronto. David Binet is the Chief Executive Officer as well as the president of Woodbridge Company. At the end of 2010, 40 percent shares of Woodbridge was sold to CTV Globemedia, a multimedia Canadian company with CTV ownership, to BCE Inc.; the largest interest the company held was in The Globe and Mail Inc. until it achieved 100 percent of the Globe and Mail in August 2015 by acquiring BCE share remaining. Woodbridge is the main vehicle for investment for the family members of the late Roy Thomson, the first Baron Thomson of Fleet. After the death of Kenneth Thomson in 2006, his sons Peter Thomson and David Thomson became the chairman of the Woodbridge Company. Theory of Adaptation As per Stathakopoulos and Papavassiliou, there many undefeatable differences , for example, cultural differences and economic differences among countries as well as states within the countries which urge to adapt or develop a new or different operational strategies. The main reason for choosing to adapt is the change in different places within the country. Major differences are the cultural, economical and development of industries, media availability and legal restrictions, etc, Hence, Woodbridge should also look into the theory of adaptation when publishing book in various places in a country as a various place of the particular country have different tastes or especially languages hence the book published by the organization should adjust the correct language or any other needs should be adapted for the pursuit of their business (Hanafi 1-7, 2013). Theory of Aggregation If at a particular stage of an organization, the approach that is aggregate emphasizes the shareholders interests or different constituencies that manifest the organization, then an approach of aggregate enterprise to the group of corporate must aim its analysis on the finite business existence that formally establish it and might cancel any separate essential self for the corporate group itself. So the organization should look into creating a group of itself (Peitz, 1995). The organization should make a group of corporate for discussing various plans and function which must be taken during the operation of the organization. Theory of Arbitrage In 1976 Ross mainly developed The Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT). The probable properties of returns of main property are reliable with a factor structure are believed by every investor in this one-period model(Munshi). Argument of Ross states that if balance prices present no arbitrage advantages over static portfolios of the properties, then the desirable returns on the properties are moreover related linearly to the loading factors. The substitute of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is APT, in that both the models argue that a straight relation between assets desired returns and their statistical measure with another random variables. The statistical measure is described as a calculation of risk that a investors will not be able to avoid by expansion(Berkman 32-35, 2012). The slope Risk premium is the interpretation of the straight line relation between the statistical measure and the expected returns. Mean-variance efficiency is closely linked to such a relation.. Hence pricing the books and marketing it properly in different parts of the target market will definitely enhance the returns of the company. References Berkman, Henk. "The Capital Asset Pricing Model: A Revolutionary Idea In Finance!".Abacus49 (2012): 32-35. Web. Hanafi, Hind. "Adaptation Theory : The Current Foci".17 (2013): 1-7. Web. Munshi, Jamal. "The Rise And Fall Of The Arbitrage Pricing Theory".SSRN Electronic Journaln. pag. Web. Peitz, Martin.Demand Aggregation And The Theory Of Product Differentiation. 1995.